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Sea salt aerosol : ウィキペディア英語版 | Sea salt aerosol Sea salt aerosol, which originally comes from sea spray, is one of the most widely distributed natural aerosols. Sea salt aerosols are characterized as non-light-absorbing, highly hygroscopic, and having coarse particle size. Some sea salt dominated aerosols could have a single scattering albedo as large as ~0.97.〔McComiskey, A.(Editor), Andrews, E., et al., Aerosols and Radiation - NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory〕 Due to the hygroscopy, a sea salt particle can serve as a very efficient cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), altering cloud reflectivity, lifetime, and precipitation process. According to the IPCC report, the total sea salt flux from ocean to atmosphere is ~3300 Tg/yr.〔IPCC Third Assessment Report: Climate Change 2001 (TAR)〕 == Formation == Many physical processes over ocean surface can generate sea salt aerosols. One common cause is the bursting of air bubbles, which are entrained by the wind stress during the whitecap formation. Another is tearing of drops from wave tops.〔Levin Z., Cotton W.R. (Eds), 2009, Aerosol pollution impact on precipitation: A scientific review〕 Wind speed is the key factor to determine the production rate in both mechanisms. Sea salt particle number concentration can reach 50 cm−3 or more with high winds (>10 m s−1), compared to ~10 cm−3 or less under moderate wind regimes.〔 Due to the dependence on wind speed, it could be expected that sea-salt particle production and its impacts on climate may vary with climate change.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sea salt aerosol」の詳細全文を読む
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